\ Noise is a model of cultural historiography. . . . In its general theoretical argument on the relations of culture to economy but also in its specialized concentration Noise has much that is of importance to critical theory today.\ SubStance\ For Attali music is not simply a reflection of culture but a harbinger of change an anticipatory abstraction of the shape of things to come. The book s title refers specifically to the reception of musics that sonically rival normative social orders. Noise is Attali s metaphor for a broad historical vanguardism for the radical soundscapes of the western continuum that express structurally the course of social development.\ EthnomusicologyJacques Attali is the author of numerous books including Millennium: Winners and Losers in the Coming World Order and Labyrinth in Culture and Society.