Towards Justice and Virtue challenges the rivalry between those who advocate only abstract universal principles of justice and those who commend only the particularities of virtuous lives. Onora O Neill traces this impasse to defects in underlying conceptions of reasoning about action. She proposes and vindicates an alternative more modest account of ethical reasoning a reasoned way of answering the question who counts? and constructs a linked account of the principles that are basic for moving toward just institutions and virtuous lives.