Nothing is more important to a new fragile or developing nation than developing the capacity of its government to support national well-being. Every society is complex; every government is complex. Yet well-intentioned international development aid born in an era of infrastructure projects continues to apply simplistic technical solutions to these wickedly complex development problems. It s an outside-in approach that rarely succeeds even by the development industry s own admission. But out there amongst the billions of dollars of failed interventions there are bright spots of success places where capacity is harnessed not just for today but for tomorrow too. What is working so well? Drawing on research practical experience and stories of success Jim Armstrong explores these emerging approaches.