Recent events have required labor economists to rethink their approach toward the markets and this book aims to bring this rethinking to the forefront. The global economic crisis of 2008-2009 a rapidly changing demographic division increasing youth unemployment rates (fuelling movements in places like the Middle-East) and an increasingly multi-polar world are contributing to shifts in the global labor market. Additionally there has been an increased emphasis on small and medium term enterprises as their relevance to job creation becomes increasingly clear. These are few of the many global patterns discussed in this book.