The book describes the history of Brassica oilseed crops introduces the Brassica genome its evolution diversity classical genetic studies and breeding. It also delves into molecular genetic linkage and physical maps progress with genome sequencing initiatives mutagenesis approaches for trait improvement proteomics metabolomics and bioinformatics. The concluding of portion provides detailed methods for whole genome marker assisted breeding the genetics and genomics of important traits including disease resistance herbivory insect and abiotic stress resistance and discusses the future prospects for Brassica improvement through genomics. This volume provides a state of the moment view of current Brassica genetics genomics and breeding research which is the foundation for the continued understanding of oilseed Brassica species their genomes evolution and further potential as important food and biofuel crops.